DoSOCS: A System for SPDX 2.0 Document Creation and Storage

DoSOCS is a command-line tool for managing SPDX 2.0 documents and data. It can scan source code distributions to produce SPDX information, store that information in a relational database, and extract it in a plain-text format on request. DoSOCS enables the creation of SPDX documents for any software package, and can even be used in the creation and continuous maintenance of an inventory of all open-source software used in an organization

Reply to Bone mineral density in young adult survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia

No abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64309/1/24456_ftp.pd

A Natural Plasmid Uniquely Encodes Two Biosynthetic Pathways Creating a Potent Anti-MRSA Antibiotic

Background Understanding how complex antibiotics are synthesised by their producer bacteria is essential for creation of new families of bioactive compounds. Thiomarinols, produced by marine bacteria belonging to the genus Pseudoalteromonas, are hybrids of two independently active species: the pseudomonic acid mixture, mupirocin, which is used clinically against MRSA, and the pyrrothine core of holomycin. Methodology/Principal Findings High throughput DNA sequencing of the complete genome of the producer bacterium revealed a novel 97 kb plasmid, pTML1, consisting almost entirely of two distinct gene clusters. Targeted gene knockouts confirmed the role of these clusters in biosynthesis of the two separate components, pseudomonic acid and the pyrrothine, and identified a putative amide synthetase that joins them together. Feeding mupirocin to a mutant unable to make the endogenous pseudomonic acid created a novel hybrid with the pyrrothine via “mutasynthesis” that allows inhibition of mupirocin-resistant isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, the mupirocin target. A mutant defective in pyrrothine biosynthesis was also able to incorporate alternative amine substrates. Conclusions/Significance Plasmid pTML1 provides a paradigm for combining independent antibiotic biosynthetic pathways or using mutasynthesis to develop a new family of hybrid derivatives that may extend the effective use of mupirocin against MRSA

Evaluation of photo-induced crosslinking of thymine polymers using FT-IR spectroscopy and chemometric analysis

The photo-induced immobilization of 4-vinylbenzyl thymine (VBT) and 4-vinylbenzyl triethyl ammonium chloride (VBA) copolymers has been investigated with the aid of grazing-angle specular-reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy. As irradiation time increases, changes in the structure of pendent thymine groups in the copolymer due to the crosslinking process result in shifts of the copolymer network’s vibrational frequencies, as well as changes in numerous IR band intensities. In this work, chemometric methods have been applied to the FT-IR data obtained while monitoring the time evolution of curing of VBT-VBA copolymers of varying composition. The spectral data obtained with FT-IR normally provide information only about the degree of conversion of the reactants in the final product but there is no knowledge about how many compounds are involved or how they evolve over time. The use of the so-called Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares allows the sequential estimation of the contribution to the signal due to the different species in the matrix data.Fil: Bortolato, Santiago Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química; ArgentinaFil: Thomas, Katelyn. Simmons College; Estados UnidosFil: Mcdonough, Kristin. Simmons College; Estados UnidosFil: Gurney, Richard. Simmons College; Estados UnidosFil: Martino, Debora Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química; Argentin

Assemblage drawings as talking points: Deleuze, posthumans and climate-activist teachers

In this paper, we employ Deleuzian philosophy to explore the complex challenges confronting teachers and education systems posed by the climate emergency and the implications of the resulting posthumanist turn. Self-identified climate-activist teachers working in schools in Aotearoa New Zealand were asked to draw Deleuzian assemblages of their educational realities and of themselves while contemplating the climate emergency. Their thought-provoking drawings were used as semiotic artefacts during unstructured Zoom interviews, leading to rich conversations. Through this process, the drawings channel affect within the research assemblage, entangling the reader actively into the research process. Insights gained from the participants problematise the perspectives of teachers in response to the climate emergency and lead us to conceptualise the potential of teachers as Deleuze’s nomadic change makers toward posthuman futures

On the Impact of Granularity of Space-Based Urban CO2 Emissions in Urban Atmospheric Inversions: A Case Study for Indianapolis, IN

Quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from cities is a key challenge towards effective emissions management. An inversion analysis from the INdianapolis FLUX experiment (INFLUX) project, as the first of its kind, has achieved a top-down emission estimate for a single city using CO2 data collected by the dense tower network deployed across the city. However, city-level emission data, used as a priori emissions, are also a key component in the atmospheric inversion framework. Currently, fine-grained emission inventories (EIs) able to resolve GHG city emissions at high spatial resolution, are only available for few major cities across the globe. Following the INFLUX inversion case with a global 1x1 km ODIAC fossil fuel CO2 emission dataset, we further improved the ODIAC emission field and examined its utility as a prior for the city scale inversion. We disaggregated the 1x1 km ODIAC non-point source emissions using geospatial datasets such as the global road network data and satellite-data driven surface imperviousness data to a 3030 m resolution. We assessed the impact of the improved emission field on the inversion result, relative to priors in previous studies (Hestia and ODIAC). The posterior total emission estimate (5.1 MtC/yr) remains statistically similar to the previous estimate with ODIAC (5.3 MtC/yr). However, the distribution of the flux corrections was very close to those of Hestia inversion and the model-observation mismatches were significantly reduced both in forward and inverse runs, even without hourly temporal changes in emissions. EIs reported by cities often do not have estimates of spatial extents. Thus, emission disaggregation is a required step when verifying those reported emissions using atmospheric models. Our approach offers gridded emission estimates for global cities that could serves as a prior for inversion, even without locally reported EIs in a systematic way to support city-level Measuring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) practice implementation